Various Natural and Anthropogenic Factors Responsible for Water Quality Degradation: A Review

Recognition of sustainability issues around water resource consumption is gaining traction under global warming and land utilization complexities. These concerns increase the challenge an appropriate comprehension anthropogenic activities natural processes, as well how they influence quality surface groundwater systems. The characteristics resources cause difficulties in comprehensive assessment regarding source types, pathways, pollutants behaviors. As behavior prediction widely known contaminants remain challenging, some new have developed heavy metal pollutants. main aim this review to focus on certain essential pollutants’ discharge from categorized based land-use sectors such industrial applications (solid/liquid wastes, chemical compounds, mining activities, spills, leaks), urban development (municipal use practices, others), agricultural practices (pesticides fertilizers). Further, important released processes classified climate change, disasters, geological factors, soil/matrix, hyporheic exchange aquatic environment, are also discussed. Moreover, study addresses major inorganic substances (nitrogen, fluoride, metals concentrations). This emphasizes necessity transdisciplinary research cross-border communication achieve sustainable using sound science, adaptable legislation, management